Ndokumbira utarise muduramazwi, iro rinopa tsananguro dzinogoneka dzemazwi anonyanya kushandiswa mukatilighting, zvivakwa uye dhizaini.Mazwi, acronyms, uye nomenclature anotsanangurwa nenzira inonzwisiswa nevazhinji vevagadziri vemwenje.
Ndokumbira utarise kuti tsananguro idzi dzinogona kunge dziri pasi uye dzinongoshanda segwara.
A
Accent lighting: Rudzi rwechiedza chinoshandiswa kukwevera pfungwa kana kusimbisa chimwe chinhu kana chivakwa.
Adaptive controls: Zvishandiso zvakaita sema sensors ekufamba, dimmers uye nguva dzinoshandiswa nemwenje wekunze kushandura kusimba kwechiedza kana kureba.
Ambient light: Chiyero chakazara chekuvhenekera munzvimbo.
Angstrom: Kureba kwechikamu chemuchadenga, 10-10 metres kana 0.1 nanometer.
B
Baffle: Chinhu chinopenya kana kuti opaque chinoshandiswa kuvanza chitubu chechiedza kuti chisaonekwe.
Ballast: Chishandiso chinoshandiswa kutanga nekushandisa mwenje nekupa iyo voltage, yazvino uye / kana waveform inodiwa.
Beam kupararira: Engle pakati pemativi maviri mundege apo kusimba kwakaenzana neimwe muzana yekunyanya kusimba, kazhinji 10%.
Kupenya: Kusimba kwekunzwa kunokonzerwa nekuona nzvimbo dzinoburitsa chiedza.
Rambi kana mwenje: Kunobva chiedza.Ungano yose inofanira kusiyaniswa (ona luminaire).Bhabhu nedzimba zvinowanzonzi mwenje.
C
Candela: Chikamu chekusimba.Candela: Chikamu chekupenya kwakanyanya.Kare yaizivikanwa sekenduru.
Candlepower distribution curve(inonziwo kenduru yekugovera plot): Iri igirafu remisiyano mukupenya kwechiedza kana mwenje.
Candlepower: Kupenya kwakanyanya kunoratidzwa muCandelas.
CIE: Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage.Iyo International Light Commission.Zviyero zvakawanda zvemwenje zvinoiswa neInternational light Commission.
Coefficient of Utilization - CU: Chiyero chechiedza chinopenya (lumens), chinogamuchirwa nechiedza pa "workplane" [nzvimbo iyo chiedza chinodiwa], kune lumens iyo luminaire inobudisa.
Kuburitsa mavara: Mhedzisiro yechitubu chemwenje pachitarisiko chemavara ezvinhu zvichienzaniswa nechimiro chazvo kana zvakaratidzwa masikati chaiwo.
Ruvara Rendering Index CRI: Chiyero chekuti mwenje wemwenje une imwe CCT unopa mavara sei mukuenzaniswa nereferensi sosi ine CCT imwechete.A CRI yehukoshi hwepamusoro inopa kuvhenekera kuri nani panguva imwechete kana kuderera kwemwenje.Iwe haufaniri kusanganisa marambi ane maCCT akasiyana kana CRIs.Paunenge uchitenga marambi, tsanangura zvese CCT uye CRI.
Cones uye tsvimbo: Mapoka anonzwa chiedza chemasero anowanikwa muretina yemaziso emhuka.Makoni anotonga kana kupenya kwakakwira uye anopa maonero eruvara.Tsvimbo dzine simba pamazinga akaderera ekupenya asi hazvipe yakakosha kuona kwemavara.
Conspicuity: Kugona kwechiratidzo kana meseji kumira kunze kubva kumashure kwayo nenzira inoita kuti ionekwe zviri nyore neziso.
Correlated Color Temperature (CCT): Chiyero chekudziya kana kutonhora kwechiedza muKelvin madhigirii (degK).Marambi ane CCT isingasviki 3,200 madhigirii Kelvin anoonekwa seanodziya.Mwenje ane CCT yakakura kupfuura 4,00 degK inooneka bluish-white.
Cosine Law: Kuvhenekera kwepamusoro kunoshanduka sekona ye cosine yechiedza chechiitiko.Iwe unogona kusanganisa inverse square uye cosine mitemo.
Kucheka-kure Angle: Ruminaire's cut-off angle ndiyo kona yakayerwa kubva ku nadir yayo.Yakananga pasi, pakati peiyo vertical axis ye luminaire uye mutsara wekutanga umo girobhu kana rambi risingaoneki.
Yakachekwa-Kure Ficture: Iyo IES inotsanangura cutoff fixture se "Kusimba pamusoro pe90deg yakatwasuka, isingapfuure 2.5% mwenje lumens uye kwete iyo 10% mwenje inopenya pamusoro pe80deg".
D
Dark adaptation: Muitiro wekuti ziso rinochinjira kune zvinovheneka zvisingasviki 0.03 candela (0.01 footlambert) paskweya mita.
Diffuser: Chinhu chinoshandiswa kuparadzira chiedza kubva kune chinovhenekera.
Dimmer: Dimmers inoderedza simba rekuisa zvinodiwa zvefluorescent uye incandescent mwenje.Magetsi efluorescent anoda mabharatsi akakosha ekudzima.Incandescent light bulbs anorasikirwa nekugona kana akadzima.
Disability Glare: Kupenya kunoderedza kuoneka uye kuita.Inogona kuperekedzwa nekusagadzikana.
Kusagadzikana kupenya: Kupenya kunokonzeresa kusagadzikana asi hazvideredze kuita kwekuona.
E
Efficacy: Iyo yekuvhenekesa sisitimu kugona kuzadzisa zvinodiwa.Yakayerwa mu lumens/watt (lm/W), ichi ndicho chiyero pakati pechiedza chinobuda nekushandiswa kwesimba.
Kubudirira: Chiyero chekubuda kana kushanda kwehurongwa mukuenzanisa nekuisa kwayo.
Electromagnetic spectrum (EM): Kugovewa kwesimba rinoburitswa kubva kune inopenya muhurongwa hwe frequency kana wavelength.Batanidza gamma mwaranzi, X-rays, ultraviolet, inooneka, infrared uye redhiyo wavelengths.
Simba (simba rinopenya): unit is joule kana erg.
F
Facade lighting: Kuvhenekera kwechivako chekunze.
Fixture: Gungano rakabata mwenje mukati megadziriro yemwenje.Iyo gadziriso inosanganisira ese maficha anodzora kubuda kwemwenje, kusanganisira iyo reflector, refractor, ballast, imba uye zvakanamatira zvikamu.
Fixture Lumens: Chiedza chinobuda chechiedza chekugadzirisa mushure mekunge chagadziriswa neoptics.
Kugadzirisa Watts: Simba rose rinoshandiswa nechiedza chekugadzirisa.Izvi zvinosanganisira kushandiswa kwesimba nemarambi uye ballasts.
Floodlight: Chigadziko chemwenje chakagadzirirwa "kufashama", kana mafashama, nzvimbo yakatsanangurwa ine mwenje.
Flux (kuyerera kunopenya): Yuniti ingave watts kana erg/sec.
Footcandle: Kuvhenekera pamusoro penzvimbo inogadzirwa neinongedzo sosi inoburitswa zvakafanana pane imwe candela.
Footlambert (mwenje wetsoka): Avhareji yeruvheneko rwenzvimbo inobuda kana inotaridza pachiyero che1 lumen paskweya tsoka.
Full-cutoff fixture: Maererano neIES, ichi chigadziriso chine huwandu hwe10% mwenje lumens pamusoro pe80 degrees.
Full Shielded Fixture: Chigadziriso chisingatenderi chero chinobuda kupfuura nepachiri pamusoro pendege yakachinjika.
G
Kupenya: Chiedza chinopofumadza, chakasimba chinoderedza kuoneka.Chiedza chinopenya mundima yekuona pane kupenya kwakagadziridzwa kweziso.
H
HID rambi: Chiedza chinobudiswa (simba) mumwenje unobuda chinogadzirwa kana magetsi achipfuura nepakati pegasi.Mercury, metal halide uye high-pressure sodium mwenje mienzaniso yeHigh-intensity Discharge (HID).Mamwe marambi ekuburitsa anosanganisira fluorescent uye LPS.Mamwe emarambi aya akavharirwa mukati kuti ashandure imwe ultraviolet simba kubva pakubuda kwegasi mukubuda kwekuona.
HPS (High-Pressure Sodium) rambi: mwenje weHID unoburitsa mwaranzi kubva mumhute yesodium pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakanyanya.(100 Torr) HPS ndeye "point-source".
House-side shield: Chinhu chine opaque uye chinoiswa kune chigadziko chemwenje kuitira kudzivirira kuti chiedza chisavheneke paimba kana chimwe chimiro.
I
Illuminance: The density yeinopenya flux chiitiko pamusoro pepamusoro.Iyo unit ndiyo mwenje wetsoka (kana lux).
IES/IESNA (Illuminating Engineering Society yeNorth America): Sangano rehunyanzvi rekuvhenekesa mainjiniya kubva kune vanogadzira uye dzimwe nyanzvi dzinobatanidzwa mukuvhenekesa.
Incandescente Mwenje: Kuvhenekera kunogadzirwa kana filament ichipiswa nemagetsi kusvika pakupisa kukuru.
Infrared Radiation: Mhando yemwaranzi yemagetsi ine mafungu akareba pane mwenje unooneka.Inotambanukira kubva kumucheto mutsvuku wenzvimbo inooneka pa700 nanometers kusvika 1 mm.
Kusimba: Huwandu kana dhigirii resimba kana chiedza.
International Dark-Sky Association, Inc.: Boka iri risingaite purofiti rine chinangwa chekusimudzira ruzivo pamusoro pekukosha kwedenga rakasviba uye kudiwa kwekuvhenekera kunze kwemhando yepamusoro.
Inverse-square Mutemo: Kusimba kwechiedza panzvimbo yakapihwa kunoenzanirana nenhambwe yacho kubva panobva poindi, d.E = I/d2
J
K
Kilowatt-awa (kWh): Kilowatts i1000 watts yesimba inoshanda kweawa.
L
Mwenje Hupenyu: Avhareji yehupenyu hunotarisirwa kune rumwe rudzi rwerambi.Mwenje wepakati uchagara kwenguva yakareba kupfuura hafu yemarambi.
LED: Chiedza-emitting diode
Kusvibiswa kwechiedza: chero mhedzisiro yakaipa yechiedza chekugadzira.
Light Quality: Ichi chiyero chekunyaradza uye maonero ane munhu akavakirwa pamwenje.
Chiedza Chipera+
Chiedza Kutadza: Kana chiedza chikawira paisingadiwi kana kudiwa.Kuyerera kwechiedza Chiedza chinobtrusive
Lighting Controls: Midziyo inodzima kana kubatidza mwenje.
Photocell Sensors: Masensa anobatidza kana kudzima mwenje zvichienderana neakasikwa mwenje mwero.Iyo modhi yakakwirisa inogona zvishoma nezvishoma kudzima kana kuwedzera mwenje.Onawo: Adaptive Controls.
Low-Pressure Sodium Rambi (LPS): Chiedza chekuburitsa apo mwenje unogadzirwa nemwaranzi yesodium vapor pasi peyakaderera chikamu kudzvanywa (inenge 0.001 Torr).Mwenje weLPS unonzi "tube-source".Icho chinonzi monochromatic.
Lumen: Yuniti yekuvhenekera flux.Iyo flux inogadzirwa neimwechete point sosi inoburitsa yunifomu kusimba kwe1 candela.
Lumen depreciation factor: Chiedza chechiedza chemwenje chinodzikira nekufamba kwenguva semhedzisiro yekuderera kwemwenje, kuunganidza tsvina nezvimwe zvinhu.
Luminaire: Chigadziko chemwenje chese, chinosanganisira zvigadziriso, mabhora uye marambi.
Luminaire Kubudirira (Chiedza Emission Ratio): Chiyero chiri pakati pehuwandu hwechiedza chinoburitswa kubva muchiedza nechiedza chinogadzirwa nemarambi akavharirwa.
Luminance: Poindi mune imwe nzira uye kusimba kwechiedza chinogadzirwa munzira iyoyo nechinhu chakatenderedza poindi, chakakamurwa nenzvimbo inoratidzirwa nechinhu pandege inofambirana negwara.Units: makenduru per unit area.
Lux: Lumen imwe pa square mita.Illuminance unit.
M
Mercury rambi: Rambi HID rinoburitsa chiedza nekuburitsa mwaranzi kubva kumekiyuri mhute.
Metal-halide rambi (HID): Mwenje unoburitsa chiedza nekushandisa simbi-halide mwaranzi.
Kukwidza urefu: Kureba kwerambi kana gadziriso pamusoro pevhu.
N
Nadir: Iyo poindi yepasi rekudenga yakatarisana neiyo zenith, uye yakananga pasi pemuoni.
Nanometer: Iyo unit ye nanometer ndeye 10-9 metres.Kazhinji inoshandiswa kumiririra wavelengths muEM spectrum.
O
Occupancy Sensors
* Passive infrared: Iyo yekuvhenekesa inodzora sisitimu inoshandisa infrared mwenje matanda kuona kufamba.Iyo sensor inomisa iyo yekuvhenekesa sisitimu kana infrared matanda akanganiswa nekufamba.Mushure menguva yakatarwa yenguva, sisitimu inodzima mwenje kana pasina kufamba kwaonekwa.
* Ultrasonic: Iyi inzira yekudzora mwenje inoshandisa yakakwirira-frequency ruzha pulses kuona kufamba nekushandisa kudzika kwekuona.Iyo sensor inomisa sisitimu yekuvhenekesa kana frequency yemafungu ekurira ichichinja.Iyo system ichadzima mwenje mushure menguva yakati pasina kana kufamba.
Optic: Zvikamu zvemwenje, senge zvinoratidzira uye zvinobatidza zvinogadzira chikamu chinoburitsa mwenje.
P
Photoometry: Huyero hwechiyero chemwenje mwero nekugovera.
Photocell: Chidzitiro chinoshandura kupenya kwechiedza chinopindura kune mwero wechiedza chakaitenderedza.
Q
Hunhu hwechiedza: Chiyero chinomiririra chezvakanaka uye zvakaipa zvekuiswa kwemwenje.
R
Reflectors: Optics inodzora chiedza kuburikidza nekuratidzira (uchishandisa magirazi).
Refractor (inonziwo lens): Chishandiso chemaziso chinodzora mwenje uchishandisa refraction.
S
Semi-cutoff fixture: Maererano neIES, "Kusimba pamusoro pe90deg yakatwasuka hakuna kupfuura 5% uye pa80deg kana kukwira hakunazve iyo 20%".
Shielding: Chinhu opaque chinovhara kutapurirana kwechiedza.
Skyglow: Chiedza chakapararira, chakapararira mudenga chinokonzerwa nemwenje yakapararira kubva pasi.
Source Intensity: Uku ndiko kusimba kwechimwe nechimwe chitubu, munzira inogona kuvharika uye kunze kwenzvimbo inovhenekerwa.
Spotlight: Chigadziro chekuvhenekera chakagadzirirwa kuvhenekera nzvimbo yakanyatsotsanangurwa, diki.
Stray light: Chiedza chinoburitswa uye chinowira kunze kwenzvimbo inodiwa kana inodiwa.Kukanganisa kwakareruka.
T
Task Lighting: Kuvhenekera kwebasa kunoshandiswa kuvhenekera mamwe mabasa pasina kuvhenekera nzvimbo yese.
U
Ultraviolet Chiedza: Chimiro chemagetsi emagetsi emagetsi ane wavelengths pakati pe400 nm uye 100 nm.Ipfupi pane chiedza chinooneka, asi yakareba kudarika X rays.
V
Veiling luminance (VL): Kupenya kunogadzirwa nezvinopenya zvakaiswa pamufananidzo weziso, zvichideredza musiyano uye kuoneka.
Kuonekwa: Kuonekwa neziso.Kuona zvinobudirira.Chinangwa chekuvhenekera usiku.
W
Wallpack: Chiedza chinovhenekera chinowanzosungirirwa kudivi kana kumashure kwechivako kuitira kuvhenekera kwese.
X
Y
Z
Zenith: Poindi "pamusoro" kana zvakananga "pamusoro", imwe nzvimbo pane yekufungidzira gorobhu rekudenga.
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-02-2023
